Nuclear Medicine and Biology
Volume 37, Issue 1 , Pages 21-28 , January 2010

A novel electrochemical technique for the production of clinical grade 99mTc using (n, γ)99Mo

Received 21 May 2009 ,Revised 31 August 2009 ,Accepted 31 August 2009.

References 

  1. Eckelman WC. Unparalleled contribution of technetium-99m to medicine over 5 decades. J Am Coll Cardiol Img. 2009;2:364–368
  2. Arano Y. Recent advances in 99mTc radiopharmaceuticals. Ann Nucl Med. 2002;16:79–93
  3. Carretta RF. Yes, we have no technetium: a not-so-futuristic scenario. J Nucl Med. 1994;35:24N–25N
  4. IAEA Technical Report Series No. 466, Technetium-99m Radiopharmaceuticals: Manufacture of Kits. Vienna: IAEA; 2008;
  5. Eckelman WC, Coursey BM. Technetium-99m generators, chemistry and preparation of radio-pharmaceuticals. Int J Appl Radiat Isot. 1982;33:793–950
  6. De Goeij JJM. Routes for supply of technetium-99m for diagnostic nuclear medicine. Trans Am Nucl Soc. 1997;77:519
  7. Bremer K. Large-scale production and distribution of Tc-99m generators for medical use. Radiochim Acta. 1987;41:73–81
  8. Molinsky VJ. A review of 99mTc generator technology. Int J Appl Radiat Isot. 1982;33:811–819
  9. Walt TNV, Coetzee PP. The isolation of 99Mo from fission material for use in the 99Mo/99mTc generator for medical use. Radiochim Acta. 2004;92:251–257
  10. Baker RJ. A system for the routine production of concentrated technetium-99m by solvent-extraction of molybdenum-99. Int J Appl Radiat Isot. 1971;22:483–485
  11. Gerse J, Kern J, Imre J, Zsinka L. Examination of a portable 99Mo/99mTc isotope generator. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 1988;128:71–79
  12. Boyd RE. The gel generator: a viable alternative source of 99mTc for nuclear medicine. Appl Radiat Isot. 1997;48:1027–1033
  13. Evans JV, Moore PW, Shying ME, Sodeau JM. Zirconium molybdate gel as a generator for technetium-99m: I. The concept and its evaluation. Appl Radiat Isot. 1987;38:19–23
  14. Moore PW, Shying ME, Sodeau JM, Evans JV, Maddalena DJ, Farrington KH. Zirconium molybdate gel as a generator for technetium-99m: II. High activity generators. Appl Radiat Isot. 1987;38:25–29
  15. Blower PJ. Extending the life of a Tc-99m generator: a simple and convenient method for concentrating generator eluate for clinical use. Nucl Med Commun. 1993;14:995–997
  16. Guhlke S, Beets AL, Oetjin K. Convenient concentration of rhenium-188 and technetium-99m eluates from tungsten-188/rhenium-188 or (n,γ)-produced molybdenum-99/technetium-99m generators to high specific volumes. J Label Compd Radiopharm. 1998;40:294–297
  17. Tanase M, Tatenuma K, Ishikawa K, Kurosawa K, Nishino M, Hasegawa Y. A 99mTc generator using a new inorganic polymer adsorbent for (n, [gamma]) 99Mo. Appl Radiat Isot. 1997;48:607–611
  18. Chakravarty R, Shukla R, Gandhi S, Ram R, Dash A, Venkatesh M. Polymer embedded nanocrystalline titania sorbent for 99Mo-99mTc generator. J Nanosci Nanotechno. 2008;8:4447–4452
  19. Hasegawa K, Shirokawa Y, Aoshimia A, Sano Y. Electrochemical separation of actinides and lanthanides in the aqueous solution. J Nucl Sci Technol. 2002;S3:343–346
  20. Khan J, Tripathi BP, Saxena A, Shahi VK. Electrochemical membrane reactor: in situ separation and recovery of chromic acid and metal ions. Electrochim Acta. 2007;52:6719–6727
  21. Economou A, Clark AK, Fielden PR. Determination of Co(II) by chemiluminescence after in situ electrochemical pre-separation on a flow-through mercury film electrode. Analyst. 2001;126:109–113
  22. Rosíková K, John J, Šebesta F. Separation of radionuclides from chemical and electrochemical decontamination wastes. J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2003;255:397–402
  23. Eichler B, Kratz JV. Electrochemical deposition of carrier-free radionuclides. Radiochim Acta. 2000;88:475–482
  24. Reischl G, Roesch F, Machulla HJ. Electrochemical separation and purification of yttrium-86. Radiochim Acta. 2002;90:225–228
  25. Yoo J, Tang L, Perkins TA, Rowland DJ, Laforest R, Lewis JS, et al. Preparation of high specific activity 86Y using a small medical cyclotron. Nucl Med Biol. 2005;32:891–897
  26. Chakravarty R, Pandey U, Manolkar RB, Dash A, Venkatesh M, Pillai MRA. Development of an electrochemical 90Sr–90Y generator for separation of 90Y suitable for targeted therapy. Nucl Med Biol. 2008;35:245–253
  27. Chakravarty R, Dash A, Kothari K, Pillai MRA, Venkatesh M. A novel 188W/188Re electrochemical generator with potential for medical applications. Radiochim Acta. 2009;97(6):309–317
  28. George H. Method of removal of technetium from radio-contaminated metal. US Patent 1995; No. 5458745.
  29. Masson M, Lecomte M, Masslennikov A, Peretroukhine V. Method of separating technetium from a nitric solution. US Patent 2001; No. 6179981.
  30. Boyd GE, Larson QV, Motta EE. Isolation of milligram quantities of long-lived technetium from neutron irradiated molybdenum. J Am Chem Soc. 1960;82:809–815
  31. Richards P, O'Brien MJ. Rapid determination of 99Mo in separated 99mTc. J Nucl Med. 1969;10:517
  32. Ruth T. Accelerating production of medical isotopes. Nature. 2009;457:536–537
  33. Perkins A, Hilson A, Hall J. Global shortage of medical isotopes threatens nuclear medicine services. Br Med J. 2008;337:a1577
  34. Gould P. Medical isotopes: time to secure supplies?. Lancet Oncol. 2008;9:1027
  35. Mickhailov NJ, Melnikova MM, Lukashina ND. Electrodeposition of rare earth metals and alloys. In:  Khomutov NE editors. Electrochemistry: Electrodeposition of Metals and Alloys. Achievements in Science: Chemistry Series. Moskva, Moscow: Referativnyi Zhurnal Khimiya, Baltiiskaya ul; 1969;p. 175
  36. Engelmann MD, Metz LA, Delmore JE, Engelhard M, Ballou NE. Electrodeposition of technetium on platinum for thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). J Radioanal Nucl Chem. 2008;276:493–498
  37. Khomutov NE. Table of molal standard electrode potentials and their temperature coefficients in aqueous solutions at 25°C. In:  Khomutov NE editors. Electrochemistry: Electrodeposition of Metals and Alloys. Achievements in Science: Chemistry Series. Moskva, Moscow: Referativnyi Zhurnal Khimiya, Baltiiskaya ul; 1969;p. 2–27

PII: S0969-8051(09)00221-2

doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.08.010

Nuclear Medicine and Biology
Volume 37, Issue 1 , Pages 21-28 , January 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution