Nuclear Medicine and Biology
Volume 33, Issue 5 , Pages 653-660 , July 2006

In vitro evaluation of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter system in dynamic studies of transcriptional gene regulation

  • Chia-Hung Hsieh

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Ren-Shyan Liu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • National Yang-Ming University Medical School and National PET/Cyclotron Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Hsin-Ell Wang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Jeng-Jong Hwang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Win-Ping Deng

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Biomedical Material, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Jyh-Cheng Chen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Fu-Du Chen

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
    • Institute of Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung 112, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Medical Radiation Technology and Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. Tel.: +886 2 28267000 5800; fax: +886 2 28201095.

Received 8 February 2006 ,Revised 3 April 2006 ,Accepted 10 April 2006.

References 

  1. Chen MS, Prusoff WH. Association of thymidylate kinase activity with pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase induced by herpes simplex virus. J Biol Chem. 1978;253:1325–1327
  2. Chen MS, Summers WP, Walker J, Summers WC, Prusoff WH. Characterization of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase (thymidine kinase) and thymidylate kinase as a multifunctional enzyme in cells transformed by herpes simplex virus type 1 and in cells infected with mutant strains of herpes simplex virus. J Virol. 1979;30:942–945
  3. Koonin EV, Senkevich TG. Evolution of thymidine and thymidylate kinases: the possibility of independent capture of TK genes by different groups of viruses. Virus Genes. 1992;6:187–196
  4. Cheng YC, Huang ES, Lin JC, Mar EC, Pagano JS, Dutschman GE, et al. Unique spectrum of activity of 9-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]-guanine against herpesviruses in vitro and its mode of action against herpes simplex virus type 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983;80:2767–2770
  5. Elion GB, Furman PA, Fyfe JA, de Miranda P, Beauchamp L, Schaeffer HJ. Selectivity of action of an antiherpetic agent, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977;74:5716–5720
  6. Keller PM, Fyfe JA, Beauchamp L, Lubbers CM, Furman PA, Schaeffer HJ, et al. Enzymatic phosphorylation of acyclic nucleoside analogs and correlations with antiherpetic activities. Biochem Pharmacol. 1981;30:3071–3077
  7. Culver KW, Blaese RM. Gene therapy for cancer. Trends Genet. 1994;10:174–178
  8. Ketola A, Maatta AM, Pasanen T, Tulimaki K, Wahlfors J. Osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma as targets for virus vectors and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir gene therapy. Int J Mol Med. 2004;13:705–710
  9. Caruso M, Bank A. Efficient retroviral gene transfer of a Tat-regulated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene for HIV gene therapy. Virus Res. 1997;52:133–143
  10. Bonini C, Ferrari G, Verzeletti S, Servida P, Zappone E, Ruggieri L, et al. HSV-TK gene transfer into donor lymphocytes for control of allogeneic graft-versus-leukemia. Science. 1997;276:1719–1724
  11. Miyagawa M, Anton M, Haubner R, Simoes MV, Stadele C, Erhardt W, et al. PET of cardiac transgene expression: comparison of 2 approaches based on herpesviral thymidine kinase reporter gene. J Nucl Med. 2004;45:1917–1923
  12. Martin JA, Thomas GJ, Merrett JH, Lambert RW, Bushnell DJ, Dunsdon SJ, et al. The design, synthesis and properties of highly potent and selective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 thymidine kinase. Antivir Chem Chemother. 1998;9:1–8
  13. Hospers GA, Calogero A, van Waarde A, Doze P, Vaalburg W, Mulder NH, et al. Monitoring of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase enzyme activity using positron emission tomography. Cancer Res. 2000;60:1488–1491
  14. Tjuvajev JG, Finn R, Watanabe K, Joshi R, Oku T, Kennedy J, et al. Noninvasive imaging of herpes virus thymidine kinase gene transfer and expression: a potential method for monitoring clinical gene therapy. Cancer Res. 1996;56:4087–4095
  15. Blasberg RG, Tjuvajev JG. Molecular–genetic imaging: current and future perspectives. J Clin Invest. 2003;111:1620–1629
  16. Gambhir SS. Molecular imaging of cancer with positron emission tomography. Nat Rev Cancer. 2002;2:683–693
  17. Hildebrandt IJ, Gambhir SS. Molecular imaging applications for immunology. Clin Immunol. 2004;111:210–224
  18. Massoud TF, Gambhir SS. Molecular imaging in living subjects: seeing fundamental biological processes in a new light. Genes Dev. 2003;17:545–580
  19. Yaghoubi S, Barrio JR, Dahlbom M, Iyer M, Namavari M, Satyamurthy N, et al. Human pharmacokinetic and dosimetry studies of [(18)F]FHBG: a reporter probe for imaging herpes simplex virus type-1 thymidine kinase reporter gene expression. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:1225–1234
  20. Jacobs A, Braunlich I, Graf R, Lercher M, Sakaki T, Voges J, et al. Quantitative kinetics of [124I]FIAU in cat and man. J Nucl Med. 2001;42:467–475
  21. Gambhir SS, Bauer E, Black ME, Liang Q, Kokoris MS, Barrio JR, et al. A mutant herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase reporter gene shows improved sensitivity for imaging reporter gene expression with positron emission tomography. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:2785–2790
  22. Wei SJ, Chao Y, Shih YL, Yang DM, Hung YM, Yang WK. Involvement of Fas (CD95/APO-1) and Fas ligand in apoptosis induced by ganciclovir treatment of tumor cells transduced with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase. Gene Ther. 1999;6:420–431
  23. Deng WP, Yang WK, Lai WF, Liu RS, Hwang JJ, Yang DM, et al. Non-invasive in vivo imaging with radiolabelled FIAU for monitoring cancer gene therapy using herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase and ganciclovir. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2004;31:99–109
  24. Gerber S, Folkers G. A new method for quantitative determination of tritium-labeled nucleoside kinase products adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996;225:263–267
  25. Corish P, Tyler-Smith C. Attenuation of green fluorescent protein half-life in mammalian cells. Protein Eng. 1999;12:1035–1040
  26. Ignowski JM, Schaffer DV. Kinetic analysis and modeling of firefly luciferase as a quantitative reporter gene in live mammalian cells. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2004;86:827–834
  27. Li X, Zhao X, Fang Y, Jiang X, Duong T, Fan C, et al. Generation of destabilized green fluorescent protein as a transcription reporter. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:34970–34975
  28. Thompson JF, Hayes LS, Lloyd DB. Modulation of firefly luciferase stability and impact on studies of gene regulation. Gene. 1991;103:171–177
  29. Rogers S, Wells R, Rechsteiner M. Amino acid sequences common to rapidly degraded proteins: the PEST hypothesis. Science. 1986;234:364–368
  30. Rechsteiner M. PEST sequences are signals for rapid intracellular proteolysis. Semin Cell Biol. 1990;1:433–440
  31. Gonda DK, Bachmair A, Wunning I, Tobias JW, Lane WS, Varshavsky A. Universality and structure of the N-end rule. J Biol Chem. 1989;264:16700–16712
  32. Varshavsky A. The N-end rule: functions, mysteries, uses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93:12142–12149
  33. Chen MS, Walker J, Prusoff WH. Kinetic studies of herpes simplex virus type 1-encoded thymidine and thymidylate kinase, a multifunctional enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1979;254:10747–10753
  34. Chen MS, Prusoff WH. Association of thymidylate kinase activity with pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase induced by herpes simplex virus. J Biol Chem. 1978;253:1325–1327

PII: S0969-8051(06)00067-9

doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2006.04.001

Nuclear Medicine and Biology
Volume 33, Issue 5 , Pages 653-660 , July 2006

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution